甘州
寄李筠房[1]

张炎

望涓涓一水隐芙蓉，

几被暮云遮。

正凭高送目，

西风断雁，

残月平沙。

未觉丹枫尽老，

摇落已堪嗟。

无避秋声处，

愁满天涯。

一自盟鸥别后，

甚酒瓢诗锦，

轻误年华。

料荷衣初暖，

不忍负烟霞。

记前度、翦[2]灯一笑，

再相逢、知在那人家。

空山远，

白云休赠，

只赠梅花。

注释：

[1]李筠房：李彭老，南宋浙江湖州人，张炎的友人。

[2]翦：同“剪”。

Song of Ganzhou
· To a Friend

Zhang Yan

See lotus in bloom

On mist-veiled water loom!

I climb up high and gaze afar on the wild geese

Under the waning moon over the beach in west breeze.

I’m grieved for maples grown old

Have shed all red leaves cold.

Where can I not hear autumn sigh?

Grief brims over the end of the sky.

Since you left me, I’ve spent my years in verse and wine;

Clad in lotus, could you leave rainbow cloud so fine?

Last time we met, we laughed by candlelight;

Meeting again, can we enjoy the same delight?

Your mountain’s bare and far away from my bower.

Do not bring me clouds white

But the cold-proof mume flower!

注释：

The poet writes this lyric for a friend, describing the dreary autumn to reveal his grief after the downfall of the Southern Song Dynasty in 1276, but he says it would be better to be a cold-proof mume flower than the carefree white cloud.

《甘州·寄李筠房》是南宋词人张炎所写的一首词。该词通过描写对友人的思念，将家国身世之感“打并入”友情之中，行文如白云舒卷，爽气贯中，有一种摇曳清空的景致。

“Song of Ganzhou · To a Friend” is a lyric written by Zhang Yan, a lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty. The lyric describes the longing for a friend and “merges” the feeling of family and country into the friendship, the lines are like white clouds rolling and the air is crisp and clear.

张炎

爱吾庐、

傍湖千顷，

苍茫一片清润。

晴岚暖翠融融处，

花影倒窥天镜。

沙浦迥[1]。

看野水涵波，

隔柳横孤艇。

眠鸥未醒。

甚占得莼乡[2]，

都无人见，

斜照起春暝[3]。

还重省。

岂料山中秦晋，

桃源今度难认。

林间即是长生源路，

一笑原非捷径。

深更静。

待散发吹箫，

跨鹤天风冷。

凭高露饮。

正碧落尘空，

光摇半壁，

月在万松顶。

注释：

[1]迥：形容很远。

[2]莼乡：这里指代故乡。

[3]暝：黄昏。

Groping for Fish
· Hermitage in Mount High Love

Zhang Yan

I love my cot by the lakeside

So fair and wide,

A vast expanse so vague and clear.

On fine days the far-flung hills warm appear,

With flowers reflected in the mirror of the skies.

The sand beach far away, I seem

To see the rippling water beam,

Under the willow trees a lonely boat lies.

The gulls asleep, not yet awake,

Unseen in my native village by the lake.

The setting sun would bring

Twilight to spring.

I meditate:

Who can anticipate

Even Peach Blossom Land

Will witness dynasties fall or stand?

The pathway in the woods will lead to a long life.

I laugh, for it is not a shortcut to win in strife.

It’s calm when deep is night,

I would play on my flute with loosened hair

And ride my crane to brave the cold wind in my flight.

I would drink dew on high

And waft in the air.

The moon atop the pines sheds its light

Over the conquered land far and nigh.

注释：

The poet prefers his hermitage in the southern mountains than officialdom in the northern capital.

文天祥

乾坤能[2]大，

算蛟龙元不是池中物。

风雨牢愁无著处，

那更寒蛩四壁。

横槊[3]题诗，

登楼作赋，

万事空中雪。

江流如此，

方来还有英杰。

堪笑一叶漂零，

重来淮水，

正凉风新发。

镜里朱颜都变尽，

只有丹心难灭。

去去龙沙，

江山回首，

一线青如发。

故人应念，

杜鹃枝上残月。

注释：

[1]友：这里指文天祥同乡邓剡（字光荐，号中斋）。

[2]能：同“恁”。这样。

[3]槊：长矛，古代的一种兵器。

Drinking to the Moon on the River
· Roply to Fanewell in Post Houso

Wen Tianxiang

Immense is the universe.

Could dragons be imprisoned in pools so small?

How can we stay in wind and rain,

In grief and pain?

How can we bear

Cold crickets’ chirp at the foot of the wall?

Where is the hero, spear in hand, crooning his verse?

And where’s the talents’ tower? All

Has vanished like snow in the air.

Seeing the river

Running forever,

We need not fear

No hero would appear.

Alas! Like wafting leaves, you and I,

We come again to River Huai,

When the cold breeze begins to blow.

In the mirror we find a face aged in woe,

But still unchanged is our loyal heart.

Now for the northern desert we start;

Turning our head,

We see a hairlike stretch of land outspread.

If my old friend should think of me,

Listen to the wailing cuckoo on the moonlit tree!

注释：

The poet, prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty and captive of the Tartar invaders, writes this lyric in reply to a fellow captive on their way to the Tartar capital. The lyric shows his loyalty to the Song Dynasty.

《酹江月·和友驿中言别》是宋末爱国文学家文天祥的词作。此词描写了作者的囚徒生活以及由此而产生的感慨，表明作者不但自己宁死不屈，而且深信未来将有更多的豪杰之士起来继续进行斗争。全词直抒胸臆，激昂慷慨，苍凉悲壮，充分表现出作者对南宋王朝的耿耿忠心以及高尚的民族气节。

The libation is a lyric by the patriotic writer Wen Tianxiang in the late Song Dynasty. It describes the author’s life as a prisoner and his feelings arising from it, showing that the author not only preferred to die, but also believed that more great men would rise up to continue the struggle in the future. The whole lyric is straightforward, impassioned and generous, bleak and mournful, fully expressing the author’s loyalty to the Southern Song Dynasty and his noble national temperament.

贺新郎
席上闻歌有感

刘克庄

妾出于微贱。

少年时、朱弦弹绝，

玉笙吹遍。

粗识《国风·关雎》乱[1]，

羞学流莺百啭[2]。

总不涉、闺情春怨。

谁向西邻公子说，

要珠鞍、迎入梨花院。

身未动，

意先懒。

主家十二楼连苑。

那人人、靓妆按曲，

绣帘初卷。

道是华堂箫管唱，

笑杀鸡坊拍衮[3]。

回首望、侯门天远。

我有平生《离鸾操》[4]，

颇哀而不愠[5]微而婉。

聊一奏，

更三叹。

注释：

[1]乱：乐曲的终了，是合奏乐。

[2]啭：鸟的叫声。

[3]鸡坊拍衮：指民间流行的曲调。拍、衮，都是曲调的类别。

[4]《离鸾操》：琴曲名。操，琴曲。

[5]愠：生气。

Congratulations to the Bridegroom
· A Songstress Singing at the Banquet

Liu Kezhuang

I was born in a humble family.

While young, I played on all the strings of lutes

And blew on jade flutes.

I’ve learned the Cooing and Wooing song,

But I’m ashamed to hear orioles warbling long.

I will not sing lovers’ complaint in spring.

Who would tell the noble son to bring

A saddled horse to carry me

To his boudoir fragrant with white pear flowers?

But before I start,

I’m idle at heart.

The noble son has twelve gardens and bowers.

His favorite infancy dress would play

In the bower green with uprolled screen.

I thought in splendid hall should vibrate fine strings.

But what I hear is laughable vulgar things.

Looking back, I find the mansion far away.

I know my plaintive but not mourning song

I’ve played all my life long.

Once I but try,

Thrice you would sigh.

注释：

The poet writes this lyric for a songstress, in whom we can find the poet himself. The noble son alludes to the emperor and his favorite to the capitulationist ministers. The Cooing and Wooing is the first song in The Book of poetry which sings of communion of man with nature and which all Chinese intellectuals of ancient days should learn by heart. Vulgar songs refer to what sing the capitulationists.

《贺新郎·席上闻歌有感》是南宋词人刘克庄创作的一首词。此词正是作者借歌女之口慨叹怀才不遇的明志之作。上片前六句为词的第一部分，女主人公自叙出身、所学技艺和对艺术的追求；上片后四句和下片前六句为第二部分，讲述女主人公被侯门“迎入”，不久又被逐出的经过；下片最后四句为第三部分，是女主人公在作者出席的这次酒宴上演唱前的一段自白。这首词含婉深永，余韵不绝，颇堪玩味。

“Congratulations to the Bridegroom · A Songstress Singing at the Banquet” is a lyric composed by Liu Kezhuang, a lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty. This lyric is a lamentation of the author’s lack of talent in the mouth of a songstress. The first six lines of the first piece are the first part of the lyric, in which the heroine describes her origins, the skills she has learned and her pursuit of art; the last four lines of the first piece and the first six lines of the second piece are the second part of the lyric, in which the heroine is “welcomed in” by the marquis and soon expelled; the last four lines of the second piece are the third part of the lyric, in which the heroine confesses before she sings at the banquet attended by the author. The last four lines of the next piece are the third part, which is a confession of the heroine before she sings at the banquet attended by the author. The last four lines of the next piece are the third part, a confession of the heroine before she sings at the banquet.

陈亮

冰轮斜辗镜天长，

江练隐寒光。

危阑醉倚人如画，

隔烟村、何处鸣桹？

乌鹊倦栖，

鱼龙惊起，

星斗挂垂杨。

芦花千顶水微茫，

秋色满江乡。

楼台恍似游仙梦，

又疑是、洛浦潇湘。

风露浩然，

山河影转，

今古照凄凉。

A Shrub of Flowers
· The Moon Viewed from the Hillside Hall

Chen Liang

The wheel-like icy moon rolls in mirrorlike sky,

The silklike stream exhales a silvery light.

Drunk, I lean on picturesque balustrade high.

Who’s catching fish by beating the deck at night?

Tired crows and magpies rest in their dark nest;

The startled fish and dragon leap from water deep,

Stars hang and freeze on willow trees.

The waterside reed’s bed for miles and miles outspread,

The village veiled in autumn hue.

Fantastic bowers seem to mingle with wild dream.

I doubt if the riverside is where fairies abide.

The breeze brings dew to the land anew,

And sheds a light dreary and cold now as of old.

注释：

Icy moon, freezing stars, dreary light, all reveal the poets grief for the lost land.

《一丛花·溪堂玩月作》南宋词人陈亮所作的一首词。该词是一首玩赏风景作品，词人以“玩月”为主线，多层次多角度地描绘月下江南水乡的迷人景色。上片写秋江月色，首二句写月光斜射江面，泛出一片寒光，给人以凄清之感；接着写自己陶醉于这如画般的迷人的月色中，勾勒出一幅月光水色交相辉映的壮丽图景。下片紧承上片，写芦花飘荡，烟水苍茫之景，进一步抒写凭栏“玩月”的感受；结尾笔调陡转，景象实变，情调悲凉，寄寓了词人的国家兴亡之感。该词写景如画，静中有动，以动写静，虚实结合，托物言志，构思巧妙，结构严谨。

“A Shrub of Flowers · The Moon Viewed from the Hillside Hall” is a lyric written by Chen Liang, a lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty. The lyricist uses “playing with the moon” as the main theme, depicting the charming scenery of Jiangnan water town under the moon in multiple levels and angles. In the first two lines, he writes about the moonlight slanting over the river, giving a sense of poignancy and clarity; then he writes that he is enchanted by the picturesque moonlight, outlining a magnificent scene of moonlight and water reflecting each other. The next piece follows the previous one, writing about the scene of drifting reed flowers and pale water, and further expressing the feeling of “playing with the moon” by the fence; the ending has a steep change in tone, the scene has actually changed, and the mood is sad, implying the lyricist’s feeling of the country’s rise and fall. The lyric is picturesque, with movement in the stillness, writing about stillness with movement, combining reality and imagination, and expressing the will of the object, with a clever idea and a strict structure.

最高楼

辛弃疾

吾拟乞归，犬子以田产未置止我，赋此骂之。

吾衰矣，

须富贵何时？

富贵是危机。

暂忘设醴抽身去，

未曾得米弃官归。

穆先生，

陶县令，

是吾师。

待葺个园儿名“佚老”。

更作个亭儿名“亦好”，

闲饮酒，醉吟诗。

千年田换八百主，

一个口插几张匙？

便休休，

更说甚，

是和非！

The Highest Tower

Xin Qiji

I am old now.

Do I care for wealth and rank the world prizes?

Wealth and rank would lead to crisis.

Mu left the king who neglected to serve him wine,

And Tao would not bow for his stipend but resign.

Master Mu,

Prefect Tao,

I’ll learn from you.

I’ll build a garden called “Recluse”

And a pavilion where I may do what I choose.

I’ll drink at leisure

And chant with pleasure.

Land changes hands from year to year in north and south.

How many spoonfuls could one put at once in his mouth?

Stop your old song!

Do not tell me what’s right or wrong!

注释：

The poet shows how he values freedom above wealth and rank.

《最高楼·吾衰矣》是南宋著名词人辛弃疾的作品。词人通过暗喻的表现手法骂尽迫害他的当权派和追求利禄的俗人，并且表明了因政治失意而打算归隐、求乐于田园的志趣。

“The Highest Tower” is a work by Xin Qiji, a famous lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty. The lyricist uses metaphorical expressions to scold the power-that-be and the profit-seeking commoners who persecuted him, and to express his intention to return to seclusion and seek happiness in the countryside because of his political disillusionment.

贺新郎
同父[1]见和，再用韵答之

辛弃疾

老大那堪说。

似而今、元龙臭味[2]，

孟公瓜葛。

我病君来高歌饮，

惊散楼头飞雪。

笑富贵千钧如发。

硬语盘空谁来听？

记当时、只有西窗月。

重进酒，

换鸣瑟。

事无两样人心别。

问渠侬：

神州毕竟，

几番离合？

汗血盐车无人顾，

千里空收骏骨。

正目断关河路绝。

我最怜君中宵舞，

道“男儿到死心如铁”。

看试手，

补天裂。

注释：

[1]同父：陈亮，字同父，号龙川，婺州永康（今浙江永康）人，南宋著名思想家和词人。

[2]臭味：这里指意气相投。

Congratulations to the Bridegroom
· In Reply to Chen Liang

Xin Qiji

What shall I say with my old age in view?

I have but close relations and friendship with you.

Ill when you came, I rose and crooned, we drank by day;

The startled snow on the roof flew away.

We laughed at rank and wealth as light as hair.

Who would listen to our brave words in the air?

I remember when night was deep,

Only the moon into my west window would peep.

We drank our wine again

And played on lute in vain.

Minds differ on one and the same thing.

I would ask them an answer to bring.

How many times has our sacred land been united

Or divided?

A fast steed used as a draft horse would lose its breath.

Should its value be unknown till its death?

I stretch my eyes to find the broken way

And admire you dancing before the break of day.

A hero should not fear to look death in the eye.

See how we try

To mend the sky!

注释：

The poet blames the capitulationists not to recover the lost land.

一剪梅
余赴广东，实之夜饯于风亭

刘克庄

束缊宵行十里强，

挑得诗囊，

抛了衣囊。

天寒路滑马蹄僵，

元是王郎，

来送刘郎。

酒酣耳热说文章，

惊倒邻墙，

推倒胡床。

旁观拍手笑疏狂，

疏又何妨，

狂又何妨！

A Sprig of Mume Blossoms
· Farewell at Phoenix Pavilion

Liu Kezhuang

I traveled by torchlight for ten long miles at night,

With light baggage

But thick package.

On slippery roadside in cold day horsehoofs slide;

You come anew

To say adieu.

With face flushed with wine, we talk and write verse fine,

Trembling the wall,

Startled the hall.

People clap hands so glad, laughing to say we’re mad.

What if we’re free

Or in high glee?

注释：

The poet looking drunk is sober in mind; seeming mad, he is sad at heart.

《一剪梅·余赴广东实之夜饯于风亭》是宋代词人刘克庄的词作。这是一首别具一格的告别词，描写了两位饱受压抑而又不甘屈服的狂士的离别，上片写临行前的情景，下片写饯别情景。此词所写的饯别场面，被装点得很像一出动人的独幕剧。全词忧愤深沉、豪情激越，发展了词的散文化、议论化特点，体现了辛派词人的特色。

“A Sprig of Mume Blossoms · Farewell at Phoenix Pavilion” is a lyric by Liu Kezhuang of the Song Dynasty. It is a unique farewell lyric, depicting the parting of two repressed and unyielding madmen, with the upper piece describing the scene before their departure and the lower piece describing the farewell scene. The parting scene is decorated like a moving one-act play. The whole lyric is deep in sorrow and indignation, and is full of passionate emotion, developing the prose and polemical character of the lyric, reflecting the characteristics of the Xin school of lyricists.

清平乐
独宿博山[1]王氏庵

辛弃疾

绕床饥鼠，

蝙蝠翻灯舞。

屋上松风吹急雨，

破纸窗间自语。

平生塞北江南，

归来华发苍颜。

布被秋宵梦觉[2]，

眼前万里江山。

注释：

[1]博山：古名通元峰，在今江西永丰境内，其形状像庐山香炉峰，故称博山。

[2]觉：睡醒。

Pure Serene Music
· Stay alone at Wang Shi Hut in Tong Yuan Hill

Xin Qiji

Around the bed run hungry rats;

In lamplight to and fro fly bats.

On pine-shaded roof the wind and shower rattle;

The window paper scraps are heard to prattle.

I roam from north to south, from place to place,

And come back with grey hair and wrinkled face.

I woke up in thin quilt on autumn night;

The boundless land I dreamed of still remains in sight.

注释：

Though old, the poet cannot forget to recover the lost land even in dream.

《清平乐·独宿博山王氏庵》是南宋词人辛弃疾创作的一首词。这首词写独宿博山王氏庵的感受。上片以所见所闻渲染寂寞荒凉的环境和气氛；下片写白发苍颜、壮志难酬的愤慨心情，最后表现虽处境悲凉但雄心不减的可贵精神。这首词感情浓烈，语言平淡，对抒情主人公的心理描写和形象刻画都十分成功。

“Pure Serene Music · Stay alone at Wang Shi Hut in Tong Yuan Hill” is a lyric composed by Xin Qiji of the Southern Song Dynasty. This lyric is about the feeling of staying alone in the Wang’s nunnery in Boshan. The first piece is about the lonely and desolate environment and atmosphere; the second piece is about the indignant feeling of having gray hair and the difficulty of fulfilling one’s ambition, and the last piece is about the valuable spirit of having undiminished ambition despite the sadness of the situation. The lyrics are strong in emotion and plain in language, and the psychological descriptions and images of the main characters are very successful.

水龙吟
登建康赏心亭

辛弃疾

楚天千里清秋，

水随天去秋无际。

遥岑远目，

献愁供恨，

玉簪螺髻[2]。

落日楼头，

断鸿声里，

江南游子。

把吴钩[3]看了，

阑干拍遍，

无人会、

登临意。

休说鲈鱼堪脍，

尽西风、

季鹰归未。

求田问舍，

怕应羞见，

刘郎[4]才气。

可惜流年，

忧愁风雨，

树犹如此。

倩何人，

唤取红巾翠袖，

揾[5]英雄泪？

注释：

[1]赏心亭：北宋丁谓所建。据《景定建康志》：“赏心亭在（城西）下水门城上，下临秦淮，尽观赏之胜。”

[2]玉簪螺髻：形容山峰高如簪髻。

[3]吴钩：古代吴地所造的弯形宝刀。

[4]刘郎：指刘备。

[5]揾：擦。

Water Dragon’s Chant
· Mount The Shangxin Arbour in Jian Kang City

Xin Qiji

The Southern sky for miles and miles in autumn dye

And boundless autumn water spread to meet the sky,

I gaze on far-off northern hills

Like spiral shells or hair decor of jade,

Which grief or hatred overfills.

Leaning at sunset on balustrade

And hearing a lonely swan’s song,

A wanderer on southern land,

I look at my precious sword long

And pound all the railings with my hand,

But nobody knows why

I climb the tower high.

Don’t say for food

The perch is good!

When west winds blow,

Why don’t I homeward go?

I’d be ashamed to see the patriot,

Should I retire to seek for land and cot.

I sigh for passing years I can’t retain;

In driving wind and blinding rain

Even an old tree grieves.

To whom then may I say

To wipe my tears away

With her pink handkerchief or her green sleeves?

注释：

The poet, seeing the lost Northern land from the Southern capital, sighs for he cannot drive the Jurchen invaders away.

《水龙吟·登建康赏心亭》是南宋文学家辛弃疾创作的一首词。全词就登临所见挥发，由写景进而抒情，情和景融合无间，将内心的感情写得既含蓄而又淋漓尽致。虽然出语沉痛悲愤，但整首词的基调还是激昂慷慨的，表现出辛词豪放的风格特色。

“Water Dragon’s Chant · Mount The Shangxin Arbour in Jian Kang City” is a lyric written by Xin Qiji, a writer of the Southern Song Dynasty. The whole lyric is about what he saw on the way up, from writing about the scenery to expressing his emotions, and the emotions and the scenery are inextricably blended, writing his inner feelings in a subtle and full-bodied way. Although the words are painful and sorrowful, the tone of the whole lyric is still impassioned and generous, showing the bold style characteristic of Xin’s lyrics.